| وصف الكتاب | Academic Paper from the year 2021 in the subject Physics - Other, grade: 10, , course: retired, language: English, abstract: This paper is the 4th in a series wherein a theory is proposed that our matter is excited Dark Matter (DM) with the addition of an Electromagnetic (EM) field. The method of excitation is the subject of this paper. Excitation is predicted when a DM quanta group captures into closed wave orbit a photon. The orbiting photon creates EM outgoing and incoming EM waves as well as a standing spherical wave region inside the closed wave orbit. This theory integrates concepts from other theorists, prominently Dr. Milo Wolff's theories that: (1) An outgoing or incoming EM wave creates a positive or negative charge. (2) An EM standing wave is the basis for particle self-assembly creating more complex composite particles including the atom. Standing Wave self-assembly replaces strong and weak nuclear force theories. Composite particles, atoms, crystals, and most of our observable matter are formed in Childiani regions described by spherical harmonic standing waves. The photon's polarizations determine different particle characteristics. A Clockwise (CW) or counter-clockwise (CCW) closed wave orbit creates the particle's 'up" and "down" as well as spin. Circular polarized photons determine if the outward spherical wave is outgoing or incoming based on the EM field vector direction when entering closed wave orbit. A radially polarized photon's EM waves exterior to the photon's closed wave orbit may also be destructive, forming chargeless particles (neutrino). This theory: (a) requires the scalar gravitational field, f, to be the photon's travel medium with f having an index-of-refraction. (b) Mass becomes a function of f values at each point in space, as predicted by Gunnar Nordström. (c) Albert Einstein's definition for a particle is used which is quanta having dimension. (d) Space is defined as flat, not curved as described in relativity. This |
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